Democracy Dims in Tanzania as Opposition Leader Remains Behind Bars?

DAR ES SALAAM – When Tanzanian President Samia Suluhu Hassan took office in March, she  vowed a U-turn in politics from her predecessor, the late John Magufuli. But the arrest of opposition leader Freeman Mbowe in July has dimmed hopes that Hassan will her turn back on Magufuli’s iron-fisted style of rule.    

On this day, Neema Mwakipesile got a chance to read her favorite book, after spending 15 days in police custody.   

She was accused of organizing a protest to demand the release of  opposition  party leader Freeman Mbowe.                                                            

Mwakipesile says the police feared her as though she were a terrorist or had done something wrong. They also would not allow her to meet with lawyers or members of her family.

Freeman Mbowe, the leader of the Chadema Party, was arrested last month in the port city of Mwanza, where he was to address a meeting to discuss constitutional reforms.

In a court appearance, prosecutors accused Mbowe of taking part in conspiracies to blow up fueling stations and fund terrorist acts.    

The Chadema Party denies the charges and claims the arrest aims to weaken the opposition party and its call for a new constitution.     

Gerva Lyenda, a Chadema Party spokesperson, says that party members firmly believe that the ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi Party continues to remain in power because of the weakness of the current constitution. “The Chadema Party’s first demand is a new constitution,” Lyenda said.   

In an interview with the BBC last week, President Samia Hassan denied her government was targeting the opposition, and instead accused it  of  wrongdoing.   

Hassan said that every party is free to have its own constitution, timetable and delegates. What is not good, she added, is to demand the freedom to do political violence.    

Both Mbowe and Chadema have denied all government accusations of backing terrorism or fomenting violence.  

Victor Kweka, an analyst, says it appears there is no level playing field for politics in Tanzania.   

Kweka said that such events paint a picture of unbalanced politics that rely on the ruling party and not a democracy that allows opposition parties to perform their activities, participate in political meetings and hold rallies as other countries are doing.

Meanwhile, Neema Mwakipesile says she is still experiencing trauma from her 15 days behind bars.   

She says despite the challenges, pro-democracy activists will continue their push for their goal.    

Source: Voice of America

SADC PREPARES SUMMIT OF HEADS OF STATE AND GOVERNMENT

Luanda – The 41st Ordinary Summit of Heads of State and Government of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) is set to take place on Tuesday (17), in Lilongwe, Malawi.

The meeting will take place in face-to-face and by videoconference format.

The SADC Council of Ministers, meeting Friday and Saturday, approved the minutes for the summit of Heads of State and Government.

According to the programme, Sunday (15) is reserved for the preparation of documentation and Monday for the arrival in Malawi of the Heads of State and Government.

Also on Monday, there will be a meeting of the Troika’s Senior Officials, a body currently made up of Mozambique (President), Tanzania and South Africa.

During the 41st Ordinary Summit of Heads of State and Government of SADC, the signing of some protocols is on the agenda, including the agreement on mobility in the region through the suppression of visas in passports, for citizens of Member States.

SADC was created on 17 August 1992, at the Summit in Windhoek, Republic of Namibia.

It is a sub-regional organization comprising South Africa, Angola, Botswana, Comoros, Democratic Republic of Congo, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Eswatini, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Seychelles.

Source: Angola Press News Agency

US Drug Overdose Deaths Hit Record 93,000 Last Year

More than 93,000 people died from drug overdoses in the U.S. last year, a record experts say was partly triggered by the isolation that many experienced during coronavirus-related lockdowns.

The government reported Wednesday that the 2020 total easily surpassed the previous record of about 72,000 deaths in 2019.

“This is a staggering loss of human life,” Brandon Marshall, a Brown University public health researcher who tracks overdose trends, told the Associated Press. He said the United States was already faced with an overdose epidemic but that the pandemic “has greatly exacerbated the crisis.”

In addition to isolation, many sources of help for addicts were not available during lockdowns.

“During the pandemic, a lot of [drug] programs weren’t able to operate. Street-level outreach was very difficult. People were very isolated,” said Dr. Joshua M. Sharfstein, a health policy expert at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Baltimore.

Health experts say that while prescription painkillers once played a key role in U.S. drug overdose deaths, heroin and then in recent years fentanyl — a dangerously powerful opioid — proved exceptionally lethal.

Fentanyl was developed to legitimately treat intense medical pain, but now is sold illicitly and mixed with other drugs.

The government’s Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said its studies show fentanyl was involved in more than 60% of overdose deaths last year.

One of the 93,000 was Jordan McGlashen of Ypsilanti, Michigan, who died of a heroin and fentanyl overdose May 6. He would have turned 39 six days later.

“It was really difficult for me to think about the way in which Jordan died. He was alone, and suffering emotionally and felt like he had to use again,” said his younger brother, Collin McGlashen.

Fentanyl is increasingly being found mixed with other drugs.

“What’s really driving the surge in overdoses is this increasingly poisoned drug supply,” said Shannon Monnat, an associate professor of sociology at Syracuse University who researches geographic patterns in overdoses. “Nearly all of this increase is fentanyl contamination in some way. Heroin is contaminated. Cocaine is contaminated. Methamphetamine is contaminated.”

The scope is staggering. The CDC is reporting that drug overdoses in 2020 increased in every state but New Hampshire and South Dakota.

States with the biggest increases in overdose deaths were Vermont, up 57.6%; followed by Kentucky, up 54%; South Carolina, up 52%; West Virginia, up nearly 50%; and California, up 46%.

Sharfstein of Johns Hopkins says the U.S. is likely now seeing more overdose deaths than deaths from COVID-19.

“This is a different kind of crisis, and it’s not going to go away as quickly,” he said.

Source: Voice of America

Business, Not Pleasure, the Focus for Tokyo-bound Athletes

SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA – In less than two weeks, Courtney Frerichs will face off in Tokyo against some of the world’s fastest runners. But like every elite athlete preparing for the Summer Olympics, her focus is not only on preparing to compete.

Frerichs, a middle-distance runner from the United States, is also using the final days of her training to make sure she complies with the elaborate set of rules meant to ensure the Tokyo Games don’t become a COVID-19 superspreader event.

“It’s a lot,” Frerichs told VOA in a recent phone call between training sessions in Portland, Oregon. “We’ve just been trying to review the protocols and everything to make sure that we’re checking all of our boxes and getting all the stuff done, just prior to arriving in Japan.”

Frerichs, who is competing in the steeplechase event in Tokyo, is quick to point out that she understands why the rules are necessary.

“But it certainly adds another level of stress to everything,” she said, laughing. “Like the Olympics wasn’t enough.”

Athletes like Frerichs shrug off the suggestion that COVID-19 regulations, along with other precautions such as the absence of cheering fans, will hurt their performance. But one thing is certain: this Olympics will feel different than any other.

Do’s and don’ts

The official rules for athletes are laid out in a 70-page “Playbook,” which basically reads like a gigantic bummer.

“You should eat alone as much as possible,” warns one section. “You must not walk around the city,” cautions another.

Hugs, high-fives, and handshakes? Not at this Olympics. Alcohol isn’t allowed either, unless athletes consume it inside their rooms at what will surely be a quieter than usual Olympic Village.

For athletes and officials, the planning must begin long before the Olympics. Certain rules, such as social distancing and regular health checks, apply for 14 days before they arrive in Tokyo. Athletes also must submit a detailed “activity plan,” explaining where they will be at every moment of every day.

Once an athlete’s competitions are complete, they are required to leave Japan within 48 hours.

“We come in, we have a job to do, and then we leave. I literally depart the next day,” Frerichs said.

The ‘No Fun Olympics?’

Given the restrictions, and the fact the Games are being staged amid a global pandemic, some news outlets have labeled it the “no fun” or “cursed” Olympics.

“‘No Fun Olympics’ will be right,” predicts Jack Tarrant, a Tokyo-based freelance journalist. Two weeks before the Games, Tarrant says he’s witnessed “almost no enthusiasm at all” in Tokyo.

“There’s very little visually you see on the street, any sort of banners or welcoming signs for foreign visitors or athletes,” Tarrant told VOA. “It’s … very different from any other Olympics experience I’ve had.”

Opinion polls for months have suggested most Japanese oppose holding the Games, which were delayed a year because of the pandemic. Concerns were heightened after a recent surge in COVID-19 infections, prompting a state of emergency in Tokyo.

As a result, Tokyo will host no public viewing areas for the Games. The capital will see no torch relay and will request that bars and restaurants refrain from serving alcohol.

That’s a sharp contrast from other Olympics, where celebration is a main component — even for athletes, notes Tarrant.

“There won’t be the usual time to unwind with the other athletes and have a well-deserved celebration after four, or in this case five, years of preparation,” he said.

There will perhaps be fewer chances for other types of recreation, too, organizers hope.

At every Olympics since 1988, athletes have received condoms, in a tradition that began as an effort to prevent the spread of HIV. At this year’s Games, athletes will only receive condoms upon leaving the Olympic Village.

Business, not pleasure

But David Gerrard, a former Olympic swimmer from New Zealand, tells VOA that the athletes’ focus will be on competition.

“Anybody who thinks these are going to be the ‘boring Olympics’ really has got the wrong idea of what the Olympics is all about,” said Gerrard, who will be working as a COVID-19 liaison officer in Tokyo.

“They’re not a meeting of people who want to sight-see or shop. They are an accumulation of the world’s best athletes who are there to do one thing and that’s to perform to the best of their ability,” Gerrard said.

Gerrard should know. He first competed at the Tokyo Olympics in 1964. This will be the 11th Summer Olympics at which he has competed or attended.

“Things will be very, very different” this year, he concedes. “But like the athletes, I’m not there for a holiday.”

Athlete performance

But will the rules, and specifically the empty stadiums, mean athletes will lack the motivation needed to fuel spectacular performances?

“Crowds are always a factor, no doubt,” Gerrard said. But crowds or not, athletes “will not underestimate the fact that they are at the Olympic Games competing against the world’s best, and I think they’ll focus accordingly,” he predicted.

Another factor: a year and a half into the pandemic, athletes are now more accustomed to performing without fans and dealing with other COVID-19 precautions.

“There is certainly going to be a missing element,” said Frerichs, who feels the crowd was a factor in what she views as the best races of her career.

The challenge in Tokyo, she says, will be largely mental — “just trying to remember all the training days when it was just you and coach out there, and you got the job done,” she added.

Frerichs says in some ways she’s approaching the Games like a business trip.

“Which is definitely not how I envisioned it,” she said. “But that’s OK. I always revert back to just being grateful this is happening at all.”

Source: Voice of America

ANGOLA ENGAGED IN PEACE AND SECURITY IN SADC REGION

Luanda – Angola continues its efforts to contribute to the consolidation of peace, security and democracy in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) member states, the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Esmeralda Mendonça said Wednesday in Luanda.

Esmeralda Mendonça, who was speaking to the press at the end of the 23rd Virtual Meeting of the Ministerial Committee of the SADC Organ on Cooperation for Politics, Defence and Security, said that Angola will continue to contribute equally to pacification and dialogue in the southern region, a fact that has earned the respect of the organisation’s member states.

She said that the member states of the organisation are sympathetic to the insecurity situation in Mozambique, particularly in the Cabo Delgado region, stressing that the countries are united and unanimous in making every effort to consolidate peace and harmony.

The secretary of state said that the participants at the meeting had discussed the holding of elections in the Seychelles islands and the United Republic of Tanzania, without the presence, for the first time, of SADC observers, due to restrictions imposed by the Covid-19 pandemic, which may also happen in Angola, in 2022.

During the meeting, Angola welcomed the work done by the executive secretariat of SADC, regarding the assessment of security threats in the region and aligned on the need to implement a budgeted action plan, taking into account the high impact of threats in member states.

The 23rd Virtual Meeting of the Ministerial Committee of the Organ on Politics, Defence and Security Cooperation was preceded by an experts meeting, held on the 5th and 6th of this month.

Source: Angola Press News Agency

Chakwera accused of sliding Malawi to a dictatorship

AT the country’s 56th independence anniversary last year, newly-elected Malawi president, Lazarus Chakwera, pledged to end a trend by his predecessors who were “promising political tolerance but delivering human rights abuses.”

His assurances to deepen democracy aimed at building on the Constitutional Court’s historic annulment of elections held the previous year after evidence of vote-rigging retained his predecessor, Peter Mutharika, in power.

Fresh elections paved way for the former church leader’s ascension as independent Malawi’s sixth president.

It was the first time that the courts overturned the outcome of an election in the Southern African country’s history, and the second time this happened in the continent after Kenya’s polls were annulled in 2017 for similar reasons.

Subsequent polls held in Malawi in June 2020 would be the first that an opposition leader won elections since the advent of multiparty polls in 1994.

Independence was secured 30 years earlier, setting Malawi on a path of dictatorship under Kamuzu Banda (now late).

A year into his presidency, Chakwera is also facing criticism for evolving into a dictator and deviating from the pledge of entrenching democracy.

The country of more than 19 million people on Tuesday marked 57 years of independence from Britain.

The state’s intentions to enact alleged draconian laws against the tenets of the former Nyasaland’s democracy, and the lavish spending on the festivities at a time the economy is searing under the weight of the coronavirus pandemic overshadowed the run-up to this year’s commemorations.

The Labour Relations (Amendment), Income Tax Bill as well as alleged tampering with the judiciary are at the centre of the strains between Chakwera’s Tonse-led government and civil society organisations.

The Labour Relations (Amendment) has raised the most ire.

Critics believe the bill seeks to ban workers’ strikes and give employers the right to deduct wages of striking workers.

The instrument also seeks to clarify categories of essential services to which the right to strike and lockdown will not apply.

Through the legal instrument, Chakwera’s government is apparently targeting teachers and medical workers, the former who have recently been on strike over COVID-19 risk bonuses.

“This must be stopped at all cost,” Sylvester Namiwa, Centre for Democracy and Economic Development Initiatives (CDEDI) Executive Director, told journalists ahead of the independence celebrations.

“President Chakwera is changing the laws and stopping people from exercising their right to demonstrate against violations on their rights,” he added.

The civil society organisation is not convinced by the government’s explanation on the labour amendments.

Chikosa Silungwe, the Attorney General, said the legal instrument was based on the International Labour Organisation’s guidelines and international best practices.

These, he argued, empowered employers to impose the principle of “no work, no pay.”

“The punitive advance income tax that will condemn more people into poverty,” Silungwe said.

“It is against this background we are challenging the president against assenting to the punitive income tax bill.”

The Income Tax Bill has also angered CDEDI.

On the contrary, the organisation expected a taxes waiver to enable the recovery of small and medium business operators from the impact of the COVID-19.

The government has also come under criticism for its deploying of top judges as envoys.

The deployments follow maladministration at Malawi’s diplomatic missions, the most recent embarrassment being the implication of envoys later expelled from South Africa for engaging in illicit trade in duty-free alcohol.

High Court Judges Esme Chombo and Agnes Patemba are among those assigned to serve in foreign missions.

Chombo was on the verge of concluding one of the country’s high-profile murder cases, against Misonzi Chanthunya, accused of murdering a Zimbabwean woman, Linda Gasa, in 2010. She was said to be his girlfriend.

Patemba has been hailed for tackling sexual and gender-based violence.

It is unclear how cases they were handling would progress.

Chakwera’s administration was forced to backtrack on plans to spend on spending K244 million (US$305 000) on Independence Day celebrations, at a time the economy is stressed.

After Malawians protested on social media, the budget was eventually cut to K50 million.

At the main event in Lilongwe, the president launched a tirade, mocking decorations as “ugly.”

Political analyst, Osias Kapesa, said, Chakwera’s cabinet appointments when he assumed power were an indication that “Malawi’s politics was heading in the wrong direction.”

The 31-member cabinet included six officials are related to each other, although they were not related to the Chakwera.

“The signs were always there but were ignored under the euphoria of ‘change’,” Kapesa said.

Speaking recently at a nurses’ awards ceremony in Lilongwe, Chakwera said the government would deliver on its election pledges.

“We will keep building the new Malawi we pledged brick by brick and layer by layer,” the president said.

“My challenge to all of us is to embrace the change and reject some negativity some are invoking at every turn,” he insisted.

Source: CAJ News Agency